A television studio, also called a television production studio, is an installation room in which video productions take place, either for the production of live television and its recording onto video tape or other media such as SSDs, or for the acquisition of raw footage for post-production. The design of a studio is similar to, and derived from, movie studios, with a few amendments for the special requirements of television production.
TV Production
Studio floor
The studio floor is the actual stage on which the actions that will be recorded and viewed take place. A typical studio floor has the following characteristics and installations:
· decoration and/or sets
· professional video camera (sometimes one, usually several), typically mounted on
· microphones and foldback speakers
· stage lighting rigs and the associated Lighting control console, although it is often located
in the production control room (PCR)
· several video monitors for visual feedback from the PCR
· a small public address system for communication
· a glass window between the PCR and studio floor for direct visual contact is often desired,
but not always possible
The Crew
While a production is in progress, people composing a television crew work on the studio floor.
· the on-screen presenters themselves, and any guests
· a floor manager, who has overall charge of the studio area stage management, and who
relays timing and other information from the television director.
· one or more camera operators who operate the cameras, though in some instances these
can also be operated from the PCR using remotely controlled robotic pan tilt zoom
camera (PTZ) heads.
· possibly a teleprompter operator, especially if this is a live television news broadcast
Production Set-Up
The production control room is the place in a television studio in which the composition of the outgoing program takes place. The production control room is occasionally also called a studio control room (SCR) or a "gallery"
Central apparatus room[edit]
Main article: Central apparatus room
The central apparatus room (CAR) houses equipment that is too noisy or runs too hot to be located in the production control room (PCR). It also makes sure that coax cable, SDI cable, Fibre optic cable or other wire lengths and installation requirements keep within manageable lengths, since most high-quality wiring runs only between devices in this room. This can include the actual circuitry and connections between:
· character generator (CG)
· camera control units (CCU)
· digital video effects (DVE)
· vision mixer (video switcher)
· VTRs
Master control room
Master control the activities such as switching from camera to camera are coordinated.
Setting-Up and Breaking Down
The master control room in a US television station is the place where the on-air signal is controlled. It may include controls to playout pre-recorded television programs and television commercials,